Seed output low; no vegetative spread (Barkley 1986, Gleason and Cronquist 1991). Transplants in a field study had 52% survival after 7 years and this species self-sows (Mottl et al. 2006), suggesting that transplanting could be a successful method of re-introduction.

Individuals can grow very tall, making it not ideal for urban restoration sites (Mabry, personal observation).